The
Holy Qur’an is a record of the
exact words revealed by Allah through the Angel Gibreel (Gabriel) to the
Prophet Muhammad (pbuh). It was recited by Muhammad (pbuh) to his
Companions and written down by his selected disciples. Not one word of its 114
chapters has been changed over the centuries, so that the Qur’an is in every
detail the unique and miraculous text which was revealed to Muhammad (pbuh)
fourteen hundred years ago.
Qur’an
is the prime source of every Muslim’s faith and practice. It deals with all essential
subjects of human life: wisdom, doctrine, worship and law, but its basic theme
is the relationship between God and His creatures. At the same time it provides
guidelines for a just society, proper human conduct and an equitable economic
system. Actually, it is the guideline from Allah to the whole humanity.
“.
. . Indeed, there has come to you light and a clear book from Allah; With it Heguides all who seek His good pleasure to the ways of peace and
safety and brings them out of utter darkness into light by His will and
guides them to the right path.” [Qur’an 5:15-16].
The Qur’an draws attention to a wide range of physical phenomena
in order to teach moral lessons. The statements were not meant to teach
science. Yet modern scientists are amazed at the accuracy of these statements.
For example, the Qur’an speaks about the growth and development of the human
embryo which could not be studied without the use of a microscope. Dr. Keith
Moore was professor and chairman of the Department of Anatomy at the University
of Toronto. After reviewing the Qur’anic statements he said: "I am
amazed at the accuracy of these statements which were already made in the 7th
century AD." Such knowledge in the Qur’an points to God as its source.
“Do they not
carefully consider the Qur’an? If it had been from anyone other than
Allah they would have found in it many contradictions." [Qur’an 4:82]
It must be kept in view is that the language in which the Qur'an
was revealed is a living language in our own time. It is still the mother
tongue of about a hundred million people from Iraq to Morocco. In the non-Arab
world too, hundreds of thousands of people study and teach this language. The
grammar of the Arabic language, its lexicon, its phonetic system and its
phraseology, have remained intact for fourteen hundred years.
Qur’an is revealed in the Arabic language and Muslims all over
the world recite it in the same language. However, translations have surfaced
to help Muslims and non-Muslims alike to understand the interpretation of the Qur’an.
“Will
they not then ponder over the Qur’an, or is it that they have locks on their
hearts”?
[Qur’an, 47:24]
It is an indisputable historical truth that the text of the Holy
Qur’an present today is, syllable for syllable, exactly the same as the Prophet
(pbuh) had offered to the world as the word of Allah. After the demise of the
Prophet, the first Caliph Abu bakar, may Allah be pleased with him, assembled
all the Huffaz (those who kept the Qur’an by heart) and the written
records of the Qur’an and with their help had the whole text written in Book
form. In the time of the third Caliph ‘Uthman, may Allah be pleased with him,
copies of this original version were made and officially dispatched to the
Capitals of the Islamic world. Two of these copies exist in the world today,
one in Istanbul (Turkey) and the other in Tashkent, (Samarqand), Uzbekistan.Huffaz
in every generation since the time of the Prophet (pbuh) and in our own time.
Should anyone alter a syllable of the original text of the Qur’an, these Huffaz
would at once expose the mistake. Allah says: Whosoever is so
inclined may compare any printed text of the Holy Qur’an with those two copies,
he shall find no variation. Moreover, there are several millionHuffaz in every generation since
the time of the Prophet (pbuh) and in our own time. Should anyone alter a
syllable of the original text of the Qur’an, these Huffaz would at once
expose the mistake. Allah says:
"Verily,
I revealed the dhikr and verily I will preserve it." [Qur’an 15:9].
the Glorious Qur'an is divided into 30 equal parts, each called
one juz' (parts), Each juz' is subdivided into two hizbs(sections) which are further divided in four rubs (quarters). The
longest surah in the Noble Qur'an is surahal‑Baqarah with 286 ayat and in it holds the longest ayah (2:282). The shortest surah issurah al‑Kawthar (No.108) with only three short ayas. A total of 92 surahs were revealed in Makkah before Muhammad (SA), migrated to Madinah (beginning
of the Hijri calendar), and the other 22 surahs were revealed in
Madinah.
The first surah of the Glorious Qur'an is al‑Fatihah (The
Opening). Each surah is named after some striking incident or purpose,
or after a key word in that surah. To emphasise the deserving importance
of the entire being, and the environment in which the human being lives,
Almighty God has granted many environmental names to the surahs of the
Holy Qur'an, such as The Night, The Day, The Spider, The Honeybee, The Dawn,
The Time, The Sun, The Moon, etc. All the surahs of the Holy Qur'an
begin with Bismillahi 'r‑Rahmani 'r‑Raham (in the name of Allah, The Most Beneficent and The Most Merciful) to keep reminding us of
His endless Mercy and His all‑encompassing Compassion, except for surah at‑Tawbah
(No.9).
The earlier prophets and their books were sent to a particular
people in particular periods of history. Once the period ended, a new prophet
was sent with a new book to replace the previous book. So, it was not necessary
that these books be preserved by Allah. The preservation of the earlier books
was left up to the people as a test for them. Thus, when the people went
astray, they changed what was written in the books which their prophets brought
in order to make allowable the things which were forbidden to them. In that
way, all of the earlier books of revelation became either changed or lost.
Prophet Muhammad (peace be
upon him) was the last prophet whom Allah sent, and he was not sent to a
particular people or a particular time. He was sent to all of mankind until the
end of the world. So, Qur’an is the miracle of miracles for all times. Allah
said in the Qur’an,
"I have only sent you
(Muhammad) as a giver of glad tidings and a warner to all mankind, but most men
do not understand."[Qur’an 34:28]